Culmination of Law

Culmination of Law

Indicators affecting the non-fulfillment of women's right to political participation in the contemporary legal system

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Hedieh Sadat Mirtorabi 1
Mojtaba Ansarian 2
Hojat Mohammad Shahi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, ET.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Master's Degree, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/thdad.2025.2011029.2553
Abstract
The right of women's political participation is one of the clear and undeniable rights in the history of human rights. The equality of the public before the law and the enjoyment of political rights by all members of the nation, including men and women, requires that women, like men, have the right to participate in determining their political destiny and exercising national sovereignty. Despite the fact that the Islamic revolution has provided a favorable environment for women's political participation. But in practice, the goals of this revolution regarding the real role and position of women in the general management of the society have not yet been achieved. Power is removing and preventing the reproduction of stereotypes and gender identities arising from the society's culture in the process of socialization. Therefore, the active and conscious entry of women into public spheres, on the one hand, makes it possible to exercise the right to active political participation, and on the other hand, it causes the stability, progress and empowerment of the society. The main question of the current research with a descriptive method is to explain the challenges, the nature of the problems and the obstacles to the serious presence of women in the political arena of the country with the hypothesis that empowering women for active and effective participation in all areas of society is the way out of The problem is the lack of full political participation of women.
Keywords
Human rights
women's right to political participation
active and effective participation
prohibition of discrimination

Subjects

References
Book:
Bashrieh, Hossein (1995), Political Sociology, Tehran: Nay Publications.
Sharif, Mian Mohammad (1985), History of Philosophy in Islam, Vol. 2, Tehran: University Publications Center.
Motahari, Morteza (2002), Women's Rights System in Islam, Ch. 33, Tehran: Sadra Publications.
Ghazali, Imam Mohammad (1982), Advice of Kings, Correction and Notes by Jalaluddin Homaie, Tehran: Babak Publications.
Mohammadi Asl, Abbas (2002), Introduction to the Sociology of Iranian Women's Political Participation, Gender and Participation, Tehran: Roshangaran and Women's Studies Publications.
Michel, André (1993), Fighting Gender Discrimination, Translated by Mohammad Jafar Poyandeh, Negah Publications, Tehran.
Yeshlam, André (1993), Fighting Gender Discrimination, Translated by Mohammad Jafar Poyandeh, Tehran: Negah Publications.
Mansournejad, Mohammad (2002), The Issue of Women, Islam and Feminism, Tehran: Barge Zaytoun Publishing.
Article:
Ashraf Havasi, Ali, Derakhshe, Jalal, Khastoo, Rahim (1401) Obstacles to Women's Political Participation in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Contemporary Political Essays, Year 13, Issue 2.
Ansarian, Mojtaba, et al. (2010) Sociological Analysis of Instances of Violence Against Women in International Law with Emphasis on Forced Pregnancy, Women's Journal, Year 11, Issue 3.
Pourhosseini Dahmiri, Sahar, Parizad, Reza, Shirkhani, Ali (2010) Investigation of Political-Economic Factors Affecting Women's Participation in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iranian Sociology Quarterly, Year 3, Issue 3.
Chabaki, Umm al-Baneen (2002) The Role of Psychological Factors in Women's Political Participation, Allameh Tabataba'i University Social Sciences Quarterly, Year 9, Issue 19.
Shakeri Khoei, Ehsan, Kamran Azar, Ozra (2017) Women's Political Rights in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Year 8, Issue 36.
Haghshenas, Mohammad Javad, Zomorud Bakhsh Azad, Mahnaz (2019), Investigating the Obstacles to Women's Participation in Inclusive Parties in the Country after the Approval of the Parties Law, Politics Quarterly, Volume 49, Issue 3.
Jalali, Mahmoud (2004), Women's Human Rights in International Law and the Situation in Iran, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Issue 66.
Khalili, Mohsen (2007), Pathology of Women's Participation in Contemporary Iranian Society, Women's Research, Volume 5, Issue 2.
Rafati, Reza, Shahrakipour, Hassan, Nazim, Fattah (2019), Identifying the Factors and Components of Educational Inequalities in the Educational Areas of Mashhad City in Order to Provide a Desirable Model, Bi-Quarterly Journal of Educational Planning Studies, Volume 8, Issue 15.
Rezaei Haftadar, et al. (2019), Critical Analysis of Orientalists' Opinions on the Personality of Hazrat Khadija (PBUH), Bi-Quarterly Journal of Quranic Studies of Orientalists, Online Publication.
Rahmatifar, Samaneh (2010), Legal Study of Civil Clothing in Iran: With Emphasis on Women's Guilds and Groups, Journal of Basic Rights, Volume 7, Issue 14.
Tayeb, Alireza (2016), "Political Socialization and Political Culture", Journal of Political and Economic Information, Year 11, Issue 56.
Ali Bakhshzadeh, Umm al-Baneen, Garmroudi Sabet, Mouloud, Entebakhian, Ozra (2012), Study of Women's Right to Education in Iranian Jurisprudence and Law and UNESCO's Document 2030, Journal of Jurisprudence and History of Civilization, Volume 8, Issue 1.
Ali Hosseini, Ali et al. (2014), Study of the Relationship between Socialization and Women's Political Participation, Journal of Women's Research, Year 5, Issue 1.
Qasemi, Hakim, Ma'ali, Fatemeh (2014), Factors that Limit Women's Political Participation, Journal of Political Science, Year 10, Issue 1.
Musfa, Nasrin (2015), Political Participation: A Field Study, Journal of Foreign Affairs, Year 9, No. 2.
Malek Afzali Ardakani, Mohsen, Omidi Fard, Abdullah, Hashemi, Seyed Mohammad Ali (2015), Women's Presidency with Emphasis on the Capacities of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Idea of Velayat-e-Faqih, Scientific Research Quarterly of Islamic Revolution Studies, Year 12, No. 40.
Marandi, Elahe, Ghorbani, Azam (2011), Principles and Support Mechanisms of the Right to Education in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Human Rights Documents, Scientific Quarterly of Islamic Human Rights Studies, Volume 10, No. 1.
Markaz Malmiri, Ahmad, Zarei Mahmoudabadi, Hassan, Kermanian, Roghieh (2010), Social Movements for the Legal Empowerment of Women in Contemporary Iran, Iranian Political Sociology Quarterly, Year 3, No. 1.
Mehrara, Asadollah, Shafipour, Seyed Fatemeh, Diyanti, Robabeh, Zare Zaidi, Ali Reza (2018), Glass Ceiling from Challenges and Solutions to Women's Empowerment, Journal of Research in Arts and Sciences Human, year 3, number 2.
English sources
-Hoffmann, Hanna & Springer, Frederik; (2019), "The Individual Level Determinants of German Party Membership", German Politics, Published Online.
- Mackay, Finn. (2015), Radical Feminism. 1st Ed. New York: palgrave macmillan.
- Oquist, P. (1999), "Voice of Their Own: Conclusions of the New Delhi Meeting on Women's Political Participation: 21st Century Challenges". In: Women and political participation: 21st century challenges. 1st ed. Brussels: UNDP Publication.
Culmination of Law
Volume 11, Issue 1
Summer 2025
Pages 113-136