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Article
The conflict of legal immunity of a lawyer with his professional responsibility in the judicial system of Iran, England, America and Canada
Kamal Raouf1, Alireza Shamshiri2[1], Bakhtiar Abbasloo
1- PhD student in Private Law, Faculty of Law, Central Tehran Branch, Central Tehran, Islamic Azad University, Liran, Iran
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:
The immunity of the lawyer in the position of defense is recognized in the legal systems of Iran and the researched countries, with differences and sometimes contradicting each other. In the laws and jurisprudence of the studied countries, the application of this privilege faces minor conflicts, but in the legal system of Iran, the legal immunity of a lawyer, despite numerous laws and regulations and a relatively long history, is still a vague issue and sometimes conflicts with responsibility. He is known as a professional and civil lawyer. Opponents of the lawyer's immunity, based on the principle of equality of all before the law, consider it necessary that in the event of a disciplinary violation, causing harm to others or committing a crime by a lawyer during the practice of law, he should be prosecuted or held accountable. However, the legal system of the studied countries, relying on the long judicial procedure regarding the professional immunity of the lawyer, has been able to achieve a clear definition of it and act correctly and effectively in confronting the immunity with the responsibility of the lawyer, and by specifying the limits and loopholes. It will reduce the conflict and limit the possibility of abusing this legal advantage. In Iran's legal system, despite the relatively long legislative history in the field of legal representation, the lawyer's judicial immunity is still known to be ambiguous and sometimes in conflict with his responsibility. The purpose of this research is to identify this legal privilege and how to apply it in case of conflict with the professional responsibility of the lawyer, which was done by studying the regulations, judicial opinions and the theories of jurists of the researched countries in a comparative method.
Key Words: the professional responsibility of lawyer; judicial immunity; qualified immunity; conflict theory; absolute immunity;
[1] Corrresponding Author: shamshiri.f@gmail.com
